《圣经·旧约·创世记》Antiquum Testamentum / Old Testament /《圣经·旧约》
以希伯来文写成的《旧约》包含很古老的文献,部分记载来自David(大卫)王的时代(约公元前1000年),这些文献比任何希腊文献或拉丁语文献都要古老。大约在公元前250年一些犹太学者将这部经典译成希腊语(所谓的Septuaginta[=LXX]译本),而在4世纪末Hieronymus(热罗尼摩,英语名称Jerome哲罗姆)根据希伯来语和希腊语的版本完成他的**Vulgata译本(《通俗拉丁语译本》)。下面选择的章节很有名,而且从语法难度来看也比较简单,适合初学者阅读及翻译。
Genesis /《创世记》1:18
内容简介:希腊语词汇genesis是“出生”、“形成过程”的意思。根据犹太人的信仰,神创造天地万物,这就意味着一切事物都在神的手中,同时它反映出神的智慧和他的法律。因此,犹太人会说:“让一切自然现象都赞美神!”后来的一神论宗教(基督宗教、伊斯兰教)都采纳了这种“创世论”思想。
拉丁语原文:
In principio creavit Deus caelum et terram.
Terra autem erat inanis et vacua,et tenebrae super faciem abyssi,et spiritus Dei ferebatur super aquas.Dixitque Deus:“Fiat lux.”Et facta est lux.
Et vidit Deus lucem,quod esset bona,et divisit Deus lucem ac tenebras.
Appellavit Deus lucem diem et tenebras noctem.
Factumque est vespere et mane,dies unus.
Dixit quoque Deus:“Fiat firmamentum in medio aquarum:et dividat aquas ab aquis.”
Et fecit Deus firmamentum,divisitque aquas,quae erant sub firmamento,ab his,quae erant super firmamentum.
Et factum est ita.Vocavitque Deus firmamentum caelum.
Et factum est vespere et mane,dies secundus. 英语译文:
In the beginning when God created the heavens and the earth,the earth was a formless void and darkness covered the face of the deep,while the spirit of God swept over the face of the waters.Then God said,“Let there be light”;and there was light.And God saw that the light was good;and God separated the light from the darkness.God called the light Day,and the darkness he called Night.And there was evening and there was morning,the first day.
And God said,“Let there be a dome in the midst of the waters,and let it separate the waters from the waters.”So God made the dome and separated the waters that were under the dome from the waters that were above the dome.And it was so.God called the dome Sky.And there was evening and there was morning,the second day.
单词:
principium,i,n.开始
creo,are创造
caelum,i,n.高天、天
terra,ae,f.大地
inanis,e空虚的,荒芜的
vacuus,a,um空的
tenebrae,arum,f.,pl.黑暗
facies,ei,f.面,面积
abyssus,i,m.深渊
spiritus,us,m.精神,灵(原文ruah也可以译为“风”,“吹气”)
fiat从fieri发生
lux,lucis,f.光明
mane早上
vespere晚上
quoque并且
firmamentum,i,n.坚固的结构,拱顶,屋顶,苍穹Genesis / 《创世记》1:2631</