《法律翻译解析》以法律英语为核心,从语言学、法学以及译学三维角度对法律翻译进行较为全面和系统的诠释,内容涉及法律英语的特征、翻译等值论在法律语境中的适用、普通法体制、司法诉讼和行政裁决、法律文本体裁、词汇、句子翻译技巧以及其他一些常见的法律翻译技法,总体上能够满足法律英语翻译所需知识的基本要求。作为翻译研究理论著述,《法律翻译解析》能用英语深入浅出地演绎法律翻译诸多深奥法则与技巧,实在是为母语为非英语之读者量身准备的一本难得的佳作。

5. The classification of legal vocabulary
Probably the greatest single difficulty encountered initially by legal translators is the unfamiliarity of the vocabulary characteristic of this type of discourse. Unfortunately there is no way round this problem except the deliberate process of learning. There is no magic wand one can wave. Nevertheless, it is possible to find some semblance of system in the legal lexicon, and this is the point of the present introductory section. Fuller discussion of the points raised here will be found in Chapter 7, which deals with problems of translation as they relate to vocabulary.
As a first step, the lexical items found in any given language can be dividedinto two groups: symbolic (or representational) items and functional items. The latter type consists of grammatical words or phrases that have no direct referents either in reality or in the universe of concepts, but which serve to bind together and order those that do. Examples from the legal sphere are 'subject to', 'inasmuch as', 'hereinafter', 'whereas', 'concerning', 'under' and 'in view of'. Deictics, articles, auxiliaries, modals and other purely syntactic and morphological markers also belong with this group, as do other more complex units like 'unless otherwise stated', 'as in section 2 above', 'in accordance with order 14' and similar phrases (Harris 1997).
The symbolic or representational group, on the other hand, includes all the terms that refer to things or ideas found in the world of reality, physical or mental. Legal terms of this type may be one-word units ('tort', 'court', 'law','right', 'adjudge', 'contract', 'misrepresentation', 'guilty', 'liable', etc.) or compound units ('serve proceedings', 'bring in a verdict', 'evidence in rebuttal' 'tenant from year to year', 'statute-barred claims', 'beyond reasonable doubt',and many others). This group may be further subdivided into three subgroups for any given specialist lexicon: purely technical vocab
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Foreword
1. Some Pointers to the Linguistics of Legal English
1. Introduction: Legal English and the rise of English for professional purposes
2. The aims of the book
3. The leading features of legal English
4. 'Legalese' and 'The Plain English Campaign'
5. The classification of legal vocabulary
6. Some leading features of the morphology and syntax of legal English

2. Equivalence and Interpretation
1. The question of equivalence in translation studies
2. Judges and translators. Interpretation and construction. The elusiveness of meaning
3. Lexical vagueness (Ⅰ). Definition, extension and intension
4. Lexical vagueness (Ⅱ). Denotation and connotation; register
5. Lexical vagueness (Ⅲ). Polysemy and the important of context
6. Lexical vagueness (Ⅳ). Homonymy
7. Vagueness in legal lexical units (Ⅴ). Synonyms, hyperonyms and hyponyms
8. Vagueness in legal lexical units (Ⅵ). Antonyms
9. Vagueness in legal lexical units (Ⅶ). False cognates or 'false friends'
10. Figurative language: metaphors and buried metaphors
11. Syntactic ambiguity

3. Some Pointers to the English Legal System
1. Introduction. The translator and the legal background
2. The translator and the sources of English law
(a) Common Law
(b) Equity
(c) Statute law
3. The branches of English law. Jurisdiction and the court structure
4. The English Criminal Courts
5. The vocabulary of litigation
6. Common terms in litigations
7. The language of judges
8. The terms used in favourable judicial decisions
9. The terms used in unfavourable judicial decisions

4. Civil and Criminal Proceedings. Administrative Tribunals
1. Introduction
2. Civil proceedings
2.1 The new 'Civil procedure rules'
2.2 The overriding objective
2.3 Unification of procedure
2.4 Allocation to track
3. Right of action, cause of action. Some basic terms
4. Criminal proceedings
4.1 Arrest and charge
4.2 Types of offences
4.3 The trial
5. Administrative, Industrial and Domestic Tribunals

5. Genres in the translation o
4. Statutes
5. Law reports
6. Judgements
7. Oral genres (Ⅰ). The examination of witnesses at the public hearing
8. Oral genres (Ⅱ). Counsels' closing speeches to the jury [jury summation]. Judge's summing-up and charge to the jury

6. Genres in the translation of legal English (Ⅱ)
1. Contracts
2. Deeds and indentures
3. Insurance policies
4. Last will and testament
5. The power of attorney
6. The professional article
7. Legal English in popular fiction

7. Practical Problems in Translation Explained (Ⅰ)
1. Translation as problem-solving
2. Legal vocabulary (Ⅰ). The translation of purely technical vocabulary
2.1. Problems in the translation of one-word purely technical terms
2.2. Problems in the translation of multiple-word purely technical terms
3. Legal vocabulary (Ⅱ). The translation of semi-technical vocabulary
4. Legal vocabulary (Ⅲ) Problems in the translation of everyday vocabulary in legal English
5. The translation of functional vocabulary in legal English
6. Lexical resources in translation (Ⅰ). The collocations of legal English
7. Lexical resources in translation (Ⅱ). The semantic fields of legal English
8. Lexical traps for the translator: false cognates and unconscious calques

8. Practical Problems in Translation Explained (Ⅱ)
1. The translator at the crossroads: techniques of legal translation
2. Transposition
3. Expansion
4. Modulation
5. Modifiers
The complex noun phrase
Verb phrase modifiers. Adverbs
6. The syntax of legal English. Double conjunctions
7. Thematization. Syntactic peculiarities of individual languages
8. Textual coherence. Lexical repetition in English legal discourse. Synonyms
References
Index
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