本书共七章，系统讲解学术英语论文中标题、摘要、引言、方法、结果、讨论、总结与致谢的写作规范；每章包含整体概述、案例分析、功能句型、时态分析、重要语法点等具体内容，配有题型丰富、形式新颖、针对性强的练习，旨在帮助地学相关专业的学生系统了解并掌握本领域**期刊英文论文的写作规范、结构、语步、常用词汇、功能句型等内容，全面提升其学术论文写作水平与学术思辨能力。所设练习均以真实性为首要原则，充分考虑学生可能遇到的学术阅读与写作场景。 本书适合国内高校地学相关专业的高年级本科生与硕博研究生使用，也可供地学科研工作者参考。

Chapter 1 Titles 1 1.1 Grammatical Constructions in Titles 2 1.2 Using Prepositions Properly 5 1.3 Using the Definite Article “the” Properly 8 Chapter 2 Abstracts 13 2.1 An Overview of the Abstract Section 14 2.2 Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns 18 2.3 Verb Tenses in the Abstract Section 23 2.4 Using Non-finite Verbs Properly 24 Chapter 3 Introductions 31 3.1 An Overview of the Introduction Section 32 3.2 Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns 34 3.3 Verb Tenses in the Introduction Section 37 3.4 Paraphrasing 38 3.5 Synthesizing Sources 39 3.6 Inserting Dependent Clauses 41 Chapter 4 Methods 49 4.1 An Overview of the Methods Section 50 4.2 Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns 51 4.3 Verb Tenses in the Methods Section 55 4.4 Cohesive Devices 55 Chapter 5 Results 65 5.1 An Overview of the Results Section 66 5.2 Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns 67 5.3 Verb Tenses in the Results Section 71 5.4 Nominalization 72 5.5 Usages of “with” in Academic Writing 73 Chapter 6 Discussions 81 6.1 An Overview of the Discussion Section 82 6.2 Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns 84 6.3 Verb Tenses in the Discussion Section 88 6.4 Using Hedges 89 Chapter 7 Conclusions and Acknowledgements 99 7.1 An Overview of the Conclusions Section 100 7.2 An Overview of the Acknowledgements Section 102 7.3 Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns 103 7.4 Sentence Structures 104 References 111 Appendix I Frequently-used Collocations in Geoscience Papers 119 Appendix II Keys to Exercises 143