本报告的突出特点是，阐述30年改革开放特定背景下的中国人类发展。总的结论是：中国30年人类发展水平的提高，主要得益于改革开放带来的经济发展和社会进步。本报告认为，从新阶段中国人类发展的现实需求看，实现基本公共服务均等化，建立惠及13亿人的基本公共服务体系，不仅可以为经济的可持续发展创造良好的社会条件，还可以有效地缓解城乡差距、区域差距和贫富差距，促进社会公平正义和社会和谐。

Chapter 1 A New Period of Human Development in China
Introduction
The Human Development Concept and Human Development Index
China's Human Development Since the Era of Reform and Opening Up Began
Prominent Features of China's Human Development Record
A New Period and New Challenges for Human Development in China
China's New Outlook on Development: The Scientfic Development Concept
Basic Public Services and Human Development
Chapter 2 Basic Public Service Policies and Systems
The Evolution of Guiding Policies
Compulsory Education
Public Health and Basic Medical Care
Basic Social Security
Public Employment Service
Chapter 3 Basic Public Services: Objectives and Gaps
Equal Access to Basic Public Services
Rural-Urban Disparities
Regional Disparities in Basic Public Services
Migrant Rural Workers and Inequality in Basic Public Services
Problems Faced by the Landless and the Urban Poor
The Gender Gap in Basic Public Services
Underlying Causes of Gaps in Basic Public Services
Chapter 4 Policy Recommendations
Recommendation One: Reaffrm the right of all Chinese citizens to a clearly defined set of basic public services
Recommendation Two: More clearly set out the responsibility of the Government to provide basic public services
Recommendation Three: Implement reforms in the public finance system
Recommendation Four: Integrate the rural and urban systems of basic public services
Recommendation Five: Clearly delineate the mandates and authorities for basic public service provision at all levels of government
Recommendation Six: Introduce a nationally unified policy architecture for the equitable provision of basic public services to rural migrant workers
Recommendation Seven: Strengthen the incentives of government officials to effectively deliver basic public services
Recommendation Eight: Enhance the role of non-state actors in providing and monitoring basic public services
Recommendation Nine: Create a systematic, coherent, and enforceable legal and regulatory framework for basic public services
Boxes
Box 1.1 The human development index
Box 1.2 Variants of the HDI
Box 1.3 The advocacy and evolution of the scientific concept of developrnent
Box 1.4 Wen Jiabao: Adhering to and energetically implementing the scientific development concept.
Box 2.1 China's Exploration to New Approaches to Medical Insurance
Box 2.2 New policy commitments to basic services
Box 2.2 New policy commitments to basic services continued
Box 2.3 A new poficy era
Box 2.4 Reorienting health policies after 2003
Box 2.5 Minimum Living Standard Allowance for urban residents
Box 2.6 A comprehensive policy approach
Box 3.1 Official Policies to Promote Equalization
Box 3.2 Is equalization financially feasible?
Box 4.1 Using modern technologies to strengthen government capacity for public service delivery
Box 4.2 "Use money for doing things and upgrade the quality and efficiency of public services through market mechanism
Box 4.3 Hainan Province started a comprehensive skills training program for its rural labor force
Box 4.4 CSO Involvement in HIV/AIDS Care
Box 4.S Functions of Communities in Basic Public Service
Figures
Figure 1.1 China's HDI, 1975-2005
Figure 1.3 China's progress in building a Xiaokang society in an all'-round way
Figure 1.4 Average life expectancy in China, 2000-2005 (Years)
Figure 1.5 Under-five child mortality rate, 2000-2007 (per 1,000 live births)
Figure 1.6 Maternal mortality rates, 2000-2007 (per 100, 00 live births)
Figure 1.7 Adult literacy rate, 1995-2005 (%)
Figure 1.8 Average (years) education among people aged 15 and over, 1982-2005
Figure 1.9 China's incidence of rural poverty, 1978-2007.
Figure 1.10 People living on less than US $1 per day, 1990-2005 (%)
Figure 1.11 Education Funding in 2002 (%)
Figure 1.12 Share of health spending (%)
Figure 1.13 Trends in urban and rural per capita incomes and total government spending, 1978-2005
……
Tables
Statistical Appendix
Bibliography