东方文学是世界文学不可或缺的组成部分，在世界文学发展史上占有重要地位，对世界文学的进步做出了巨大贡献。研究东方文学对研究整个世界文学具有重要意义。本书对东方文学研究中的若干重要理论问题，如东方文学的定义、意义、历史地位、基本特征、东方三大文化体系及其与文学的关系、我国东方文学研究史要等，进行了分析和归纳、探讨和论述。本书是一部文学理论著作，可供大学有关专业师生和社会有关人士阅读和参考。 东方文学概论（修订本）_何乃英_世界图书出版公司_

据大量考古资料和历史记载证明，西亚的两河流域和北非的尼罗河流域是
人类首先摆脱蒙昧状态、进入文明社会的地区。大约从公元前4800年左右起，
苏美尔人便已住在亚洲西南部的幼发拉底河和底格里斯河流域（即美索不达米
亚平原），并且创造了欧贝德文化。到公元前3500年至前3100年的乌鲁克文化
时期，各地开始出现若干小型城市，城中有较大规模的神庙，并有文字和印章，
这是初期文明的表现。有的学者认为，在随后的杰姆代特奈斯尔文化时期（前
3100～前2900）已经形成城邦**。公元前2900年以后为苏美尔早王朝时期，
也就是奴隶制城邦的繁荣时代。公元前2371年，苏美尔早王朝为阿卡德人所
建立的阿卡德王国所取代。此后则有古巴比伦、亚述和新巴比伦等王国相继在
这块土地上诞生。大约与此同时，非洲东北部的尼罗河流域形成了人类生活
的另一个聚集地。人们在这里先后创造了拜达里文化、阿姆拉文化和格尔塞文
化，而格尔塞文化（约前3500～前3100）则是当地进入文明时代的标志，��为
这时业已产生**与平民、奴隶主与奴隶的**区分，有些地方已经发展成为
城市公社性质的小型城邦。其后，传说美尼斯于公元前3100年左右统一上埃
及和下埃及，成为有史以来的**位埃及国王，埃及从此进入早王朝时代（约
前3100～前2686）；而到了古王国时代（约前2686～前2181），埃及则实现了真
正的统一，建立了奴隶制**，确立了君主独裁的专制制度。

绪论 建立东方文学学科的依据和从事东方文学研究的意义······························1
**章 东方文学的历史地位··················································································6
**节 古代东方地区是世界文学的摇篮······················································6
第二节 中古东方文学光辉灿烂成绩**····················································14
第三节 近代东方文学发展不够充分但却放射异彩····································24
第四节 现代东方文学正在蓬勃发展前途无量············································33
第二章 东方文学的基本特征················································································44
**节 历史悠久源远流长············································································44
第二节 民族特色浓厚鲜明············································································47
第三节 道路漫长迂回曲折············································································54
第四节 民间文学繁荣兴旺············································································60
第五节 宗教影响既广且深············································································68
第三章 中国文化体系与东方文学········································································78
**节 中国文化体系的形成和特质····························································78
第二节 中国文化体系对日本文学的影响····················································85
第三节 中国文化体系对朝鲜文学的影响····················································94
第四节 中国文化体系对越南文学的影响··················································100
第三节 中国文化体系对东方其他**文学的影响··································107
第六节 中国文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究··························115
第七节 中国文化体系与东方其他两大文化体系的关系··························123
第四章 印度文化体系与东方文学······································································134
**节 印度文化体系的形成和特质··························································134
第二节 印度文化体系对南亚**文学的影响··········································143
第三节 印度文化体系对东南亚**文学的影响······································153
第四节 印度文化体系对东方其他**文学的影响··································167
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第五节 印度文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究··························172
第五章 阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系与东方文学··················································179
**节 阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系的形成和特质······································179
第二节 阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对波斯文学的影响······························190
第三节 阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对南亚**文学的影响······················200
第四节 阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对东方其他**文学的影响··············208
第五节 阿拉伯—伊斯兰文化体系对东方各国文学影响的比较研究······215
第六章 东西方文学的交流和影响······································································220
**节 古代东西方文学的交流和影响······················································220
第二节 中古东西方文学的交流和影响······················································228
第三节 近现代东西方文学的交流和影响（上）··········································240
第四节 近现代东西方文学的交流和影响（中）··········································246
第五节 近现代东西方文学的交流和影响（下）··········································255
第七章 我国东方文学研究史要··········································································267
**节 起步阶段（1919～1949） ·································································267
第二节 发展阶段（1949～1978） ·································································280
第三节 繁荣阶段（1978～ ） ·····································································291
附录一 东方文学史大事年表··············································································310
附录二 中国出版的东方文学研究著作书目（1949～2014） ·····························329
附录三 本书主要参考书目··················································································344
修订后记··················································································································346