Dozens of Tibetan tribal alliances co-existed around 600 AD. Forty small states in Tibet were then merged into twelve states. According to Dunhuang-Version Historical Records of the Tubo Kingdom, the twelve small states include Zhangzhung? located in west Ngari and Ladakh; Myangro Pred Kar, Gnubs Gyi Gling Dguv and Myangro Shangpo in the current Gyangze;? Vbrog Mo Snam Gsum in the current Yadong? and Sikkim; Skyi Rovi Ljang Sngon, Ngas Povi Khra Sum and Klum Rovi Ya Sum in the Lhasa River Valley; Dbye Mo Yul Bzhi, Oyul Gyi Spang Kar and Rngegs Yul Kyi Gru Bzhi in the current Shannan; Rkong La Bre Snar, Myang Yul Gyi Rta Gsum and Dags Kyi Gru Bzhi in the current Nyingchi and eastern Shannan; Mchims Yul Gyi Dgu Yulin Samye of Shannan; Sumpa from North Tibet Prairie to Yushu and Gantse. It was called by Chinese historical records as a big tribe of West Qiang; Spu Rgyal, which later established the Tubo Kingdom, is located in Qonggyai of Shannan.