This book systematicallyintroduces the development of Chinese thought from the pre Qin Dnasty period (before 221 BC) to the beNnning of the 20th centu Dcamgonzing the heritage and development of different ways of thought at different times.Using clear language to explain important philosophical ideas which have made significant impacts on China, the book expounds on the profound nature of Chinese thought and culture over the past 3,000 years.
Apart from philosophical and political ideas,the boo

Chapter 2
IDEOLOGY IN THE WARRING STATES
PERIOD（I）
1．IDEOLOGY OF THE EARLY MOHISTS
The great social upheaval taking place during the transitionalperiod from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring StatesPeriod（6th-5th century B．C．）brought about a great change in classrelationship．Schools and doctrines representing interests of differentclasses，strata and groups all swarmed to the forefront．The risinglandlord class。in order to consolidate its rule，professed itself therepresentative of all the people，but it never did nor could representthe interests of the labourers．In the time of the Warring States，theschools that reflected the interests of the labouring people were the Mohist School founded by Mo Zi，the school of Yang Zhu and theAgricultural（or Physioerat）School headed by Xu Xing．Owing tothe diffefences in the classes，strata and groups they represented，these schools dijflfered from one another in their theories as well asin their practices．Roughly speaking，the Mohist School was theideological representative of the small craftsmen，the school of YangZhu was that of the small land proprietors and the AgriculturalSchool was that of the poor peasants．

PART I IDEOLOGY OF THE PRE-QIN PERIOD
Introduction to the Society and ideology of the Pre-Qin Period
Chapter 1 Chinese Ideology from the Earliest Times to the Spring and Autumn Period
1. The Germination of Ideology in the Primitive Society Before the Xia Dynasty
2. Ideology from the Xia Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period
3. Confucius and the Early Confucians
Chapter 2 Ideology of the Warring States Period (I)
1. Ideology of the Early Mohists
2. The Ideology of Yang Zhu
3. The Ideology of Mencius
4. The Ideology of Xun Zi
5. The Ideology of the Yin-Yang School
6. The Ideology of the Legalist School
Chapter 3 Ideology of the Warring States Period (II)
1. The Ideology of the Taoist School--Lao Zi, Song Xing and Yin Wen
2. The Ideology of the Taoist School--Zhuang Zi
3. The Ideology of the Dialecticians
4. The Ideology of the Strategists--Sun Wu, Wu Qi and Sun Bin
5. The Merging of the Hundred Schools and the La's Spring and Autumn Annals
Chapter 4 Economic, Scientific, Historical and Literary Ideas in Ancient Times
1. Economic Ideas in Ancient Times
2. Scientific Ideas in Ancient Times
3. Historical Ideas in Ancient Times
4. Literary Ideas in Ancient Times

PART II IDEOLOGY IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES
General Sketch of the Early Middle Ages
Chapter 5 Ideology in the Qin and Han Period
1. The Autocratic Ideas of the Qin Dynasty
2. The Taoist Ideology in the Early Han Period
3. Dong Zhongshu and the Spread of Theological Ideas
4. Wang Chong and the Ideological Current of the Later Han Dynasty
5. Revolutionary Ideas of the Peasants' Uprisings in Qin and Han
Chapter 6 Economic Thoughts in the Han Period
1. The Economic Thoughts of Jia Yi and Chao Cuo
2. The Economic Thoughts of Sang Hongyang
3. The Economic Reforms of Wang Mang
4. Economic Thoughts in the Eastern Han
Chapter 7 Scientific, Historiographic and Literary Ideas in the Han Period
1. Scientific Ideas in the Han Period
2. Historiographic Ideas in the Han Period
3. Literary Ideas in the Han Period
Chapter 8 Ideology in the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties
1. Political Thoughts in the Wei and Jin
2. The Metaphysical and Anti-Metaphysical Currents in the Wei and Jin
3. Buddhist and Taoist Thoughts and the Anti-Buddhist Current
4. The Formation and Propagation of Taoism
Chapter 9 Economic Thoughts in the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties
1. The Economic Thoughts of Fu Xuan
2. Lu Bao's On the God of Money
3. The Distribution of Farmland in Western Jin
4. The Farmland Policy of Northern Wei
Chapter I0 Scientific, Historiographic and Literary Ideas in the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties
1. Scientific Ideas
2. Historiographic Ideas
3. Literary Ideas
Chapter 11 Political and Philosophical Thoughts in the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties
1. Political Thoughts in Sui and Early Tang
2. Buddhism, Taoism and the Anti-Buddhist Current
3. The Thoughts of Han Yu and Li Ao
4. The Thoughts of Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi
5. Revolutionary Ideas and Progressive Ideologues
Chapter 12 Economic Thoughts in the Tang Period
1. The Economic Thoughts of Liu Yan
2. The Economic Thoughts of Yang Yan
Chapter 13 Scientific, Historiographic and Literary Ideas in the Sui and Tang Dynasties
1. Scientific Ideas
2. Historiographic Ideas
3. Literary Ideas

PART III IDEOLOGY IN THE LATER MIDDLE AGES
General Sketch of the Later Middle Ages
Chapter 14 Philosophical and Religious Thoughts in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
1. Neo-Confucianism of the Cheng-Zhu School
2. Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan
3. Zhang Zai and the Guan School
4. Utilitarian Ideas of Chen Liang and Ye Shi
5. Taoist Thoughts in Song and Yuan
Chapter 15 Social Thoughts in the Song and Yuan Period
1. Social Thoughts of Li Gou and Deng Mu
2. Wang Anshi and His Ideas of Reform
3. Peasants' Revolutionary Ideas in Song and Yuan
Chapter 16 Scientific, Historiographic and Literary Ideas in Song and Yuan
1. Scientific Ideas in Song and Yuan
2. Historiographic Ideas in Song and Yuan
3. Literary Ideas in Song and Yuan
Chapter 17 Philosophical Thoughts in the Ming and Qing Dynasties
1. Wang Yangming and His School
2. The Philosophy of Wang Fuzhi
3. The Philosophy of Dai Zhen
Chapter 18 Political and Social Thoughts in the Ming and Qing Dynasties
1. Huang Zongxi and Tang Zhen
2. Gu Yanwu, Yan Yuan and Li Gong
3. The High Tide of Han Learning in the Qing Period
4. Economic Thoughts in Ming and Qing
5. Peasants' Revolutionary Ideas in Late Ming
Chapter 19 Scientific, Historiographic and Literary Ideas in Ming and Qing
1. Scientific Ideas and the Introduction of Western Knowledge
2. Historiographic Ideas in Ming and Qing
3. Thoughts in the Literary Works of Ming and Qing

PART IV CHINESE IDEOLOGY IN MODERN TIMES
Preliminary Remarks on Modern Society and Modern Ideol- ogy
Chapter 20 Ideology in the Time of the Opium War and the Taiping Rebellion
1. Ideological Trends in the Time of the Opium War
2. Ideology of the Taiping Movement
Chapter 21 Ideology in the 1870s and 1890s
1. Birth of the Early New Learning School
2. Guo Songtao and the New Learning School
3. Ideology of the Early New Learning School
Chapter 22 Ideology of the Reform Movement of 1898
1. The Reform Movement and the Thought of Kang Youwei
2. The Thought of Tan Citong
3. The Thought of Liang Qichao
4. The Thought of Yan Fu
Chapter 23 Thought at the Time of the 1911 Revolution
1, Democratic Revolutionary Ideology Before the Revolution
2. The Development of Sun Yat-sen's Thought
3. Schools of Thought and Ideological Struggles Following the 1911 Revolution
4. The New Culture Movement on the Eve of the May Fourth Movement
Chapter 24 Modern Social, Economic, Scientific, Historio graphic and Literary Thoughts
1. Modern Social and Economic Thoughts
2. Modern Scientific Thoughts
3. Modern Historiographic Thoughts
4. Modern Literary Thoughts

The Idea of Natural Rights in China: A Historical Perspective
Chronological Table of Chinese Dynasties
Selected Bibliography
Notes
Index
……

The book is the product of the collecfive effortsof He Zhaowu，Bu Jinzhi，Tang Yuyuan and SunKaitai．
He Zhaowu is a professor in the Departmentof History of Tsinghua University．He has been avisiting professor at Columbia Universiq-in the USand Philipps-University of Marburg in Germany．His academic．works include History and HistoricalStudies and History of Modern Western Thought．Hehas translated The Sodal Contract and Essays on the Crittigue of HistoricalReason．
Bu Jinzhi，Tang Yuyuan and Sun Kaitai are allresearchers at the Institute of History of the ChineseAcademy of Social Sciences．They are renownedscholars who have long been engaged in the study ofthe history of philosophy and intellectual history。