Introduction to the Kidney
1 Physiology of Body Fluids
objecitves
physicochemical properties of electrolyte solutions
molarity and equivalence
osmosis and osmotic pressure
osmolarity and osmolality
tonicity
oncotic pressure
specific gravity
volumes of body fluid compartments
composition of body fluid compartments
fluid exchange between bdy fluid
compartments
capillary fluid exchange
cellular fluid exchange
summary
key words and concepts
self-study problems
2 Structure and Function of the Kidneys and the Lower Urinary Tract
objectives
structure of the kidneys
gross anatomy
ultrastructure of the nephron
ultrastructure of the renal corpuscle
ultrastructure of the juxtaglomerular aparatus
innervation of the kidneys
anatomy and physiology of the lower urinary tract
gross anatomy and histology
innervation of the bldder
passage of urine from the kidneys to the bladder
micturition
summary
key words and concepts
self-study problems
3 Glomerular Filtration and Renal Blood Flow
4 Renal Transport mechanisms:NaC1 and Water Reabsorption Along the Nephron
5 Regulation of Body Fluid Osmolality:Regulation of Water Balance
6 Regulation of Effective Circulating Volume and NaC1 Balance
7 Regualtion of Potassium Balance
8 Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
9 Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Balance
10 Physiology of Diuretic Action
11 Physiologic Adaptation to Nephron Loss
Additional Reading
APPDNDIX A Integrative Case Studies
APPDNDIX B Normal Laboratory Values
APPDNDIX C Nephron Function
APPDNDIX D Answers to Self-Study Problems
APPDNDIX E Answers to Integrative Case Studies
APPDNDIX F Review Examination Ⅰ
APPDNDIX G Review Examination Ⅱ