When I was a university student, I was extremely interested in the science area of plant germplasm resources. It is an integration of plant taxonomy, origin, evolvement, survey, collection, conservation,evaluation, description and utilization,etc.On the basis of knowledge of botany, phytophysiology and plant genetics, it offers the basic theory for plant cultivation, plant breeding, dendrology,floriculture and landscape architecture. Due to their importance to human needs both at present and in

Chapter 1 INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF WILD ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS IN BEIJING MOUNTAIN AREA
1.1 Survey area and methods
1.1.1 Study sites
1.1.2 Study methods
1.2 Description of research site
1.2.1 Geology and physiognomy
1.2.2 Climates and hydrology
1.2.3 Plants and vegetation
1.3 Result and analysis
1.3.1 Ecological factors that affect the flowers distribution
1.3.2 Quantification of ecological factors
1.3.3 Progressive regression, the main ecological factors that affected the distribution of wild flowers were selected
1.4 Possibility of success for wild flowers introduction to urban parks
1.4.1 Classification of factors for selection
1.4.1.1 Species adaptability
1.4.1.2 Morphological characteristics
1.4.1.3 Reproductive adaptations
1.4.2 Selection of typical occurrence plot to flowers
1.4.3 Selection of plantation sites
1.4.4 Classification with fussy similar precedence ratio model
1.4.4.1 Standardization of primary data
1.4.4.2 Calculate the euclidean distance between typical plot Xi and fixed plot Xk
1.4.4.3 Calculate the similar prcedence ratio
1.4.4.4 Evaluate the similar level according to the interception collection of fiducial level λ from big to small in priority matrix
1.5 Selection of suitable plantation site for wild flowers
1.5.1 Site selection
1.5.2 Data standardization
1.6 Conclusions and suggestion
1.6.1 Rich species and large natural deposits
1.6.2 Various flower tones and attractive flower colours
1.6.3 Natural bank of germplasm resources for landscape plants
Chapter 2 THE RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT CONSERVATION IN CHINESE BOTANICAL GARDENS
2.1 The value of rare and endangered plants
2.1.1 Rare and endangered plants as food
2.1.2 Genes
2.1.3 Natural products
2.1.3.1 Pesticides or disease chemicals
2.1.3.2 Medicines
2.1.3.3 Materials
2.1.4 Environmental services
2.1.4.1 Keystone species
2.1.4.2 Tolerate polluted environment
2.1.4.3 Environment improvement
2.1.4.4 Silviculture
2.1.5 Interesting plants
2.1.6 Future options
2.2 The roles of Chinese botanical gardens
2.2.1 The history of Chinese botanical gardens
2.2.2 The roles of Chinese botanical gardens
2.2.2.1 Scientific research
2.2.2.2 Improving and protection of national environment and helping to conserve natural vegetation
2.2.2.3 Introduction and development of economic plants
2.2.2.4 Research and development on ornamental plants
2.2.2.5 Exploration and conservation of medicinal plants
2.2.2.6 Tourism
2.2.2.7 Education and culture
2.2.2.8 Extension of modern horticultural and promising cultivars
2.2.2.9 Database construction
2.2.2.10 Sustainable development
2.3 The database of rare and endangered plant conservation in Chinese botanical gardens
2.3.1 The criteria for conserving rare and endangered plants
2.3.2 The threatened categories and national protection categories
2.3.2.1 Threatened categories
2.3.2.2 National conservation categories of China
2.3.3 The database of rare and endangered plants in Chinese botanical gardens
2.3.4 The structure and database of rare and endangered plant conservation in Chinese botanical gardens
2.4 The database analysis on rare and endangered plants in China
2.4.1 The dendrogram of cluster analysis of Chinese botanical gardens
2.4.2 The cluster result of 72 botanical gardens in China
2.4.2.1 Northern China and northeastern China moisture temperate botanical gardens
2.4.2.2 North China alpine cold botanical gardens
2.4.2.3 Northwest semi-arid temperate botanical gardens
2.4.2.4 Northwest extreme arid temperate botanical gardens
2.4.2.5 Yangtze River middle and down side watershed subtropical botanical gardens
2.4.2.6 South China tropical botanical gardens
2.4.2.7 South China plateau botanical gardens
2.4.2.8 Xizang (Tibet) plateau nature reserves
2.4.3 The sequence of number of rare and endangered plants conserved in different botanical gardens
2.4.4 The sequence of security of rare and endangered plant conservation
2.4.5 The un-conserved rare and endangered species in Chinese botanical gardens
2.4.6 Introduction of some rare and endangered plants
2.4.7 Extending the conservation for the relict plants
2.5 Problems, conclusion and discussion of rare and endangered plant conservation
2.5.1 Some problems for rare and endangered plant conservation in China
2.5.2 Some suggestions for rare and endangered plant conservation in China
2.5.3 Conclusion and discussion
Chapter 3 VEITCH SPRUCE (Picea neoveitchii Masters) CONSERVATION STRATEGY
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Target research species selection
3.1.2 Research objectives
3.1.3 The necessity of plant conservation
3.2 Ecological studies
3.2.1 Description of study sites of Veitch spruce
3.2.2 Methods
3.2.2.1 Literature review
3.2.2.2 Personal contacts with some leading scientists both in China and international organizations
3.2.2.3 Field ecological surveys and sample collection
3.2.2.4 Soil analysis
3.2.3 Results
3.2.3.1 Community composition of natural habitat for Veitch spruce
3.2.3.2 Relative important value (RIV) of all the species in four studied locations
3.2.3.3 Species diversity and the community evenness in four surveyed locations and eight surveyed sites
3.2.3.4 Similarity index matrix of all the survey sites
3.2.3.5 Community sorting according to the community characters
3.2.3.6 Species composition in all the surveyed sites
3.3 Genetic studies
3.3.1 Materials
3.3.2 Methods
3.3.2.1 DNA extraction and quantification
3.3.2.2 DNA amplification
3.3.2.3 Primer selection
3.3.2.4 Data collection and statistical analysis
3.3 3 Results
3.3.3.1 Genetic distances and variance partitioning
3.3.3.2 Estimation of Shannon's phenotypic diversity index (Ho) for RAPDs
3.4 Conservation management
3.4.1 Methods
3.4.1.1 Literature review
3.4.1.2 Personal contacts with leading scientists both in Asian and from international organizations
3.4.1.3 Applying the IUCN threatened categories and criteria (IUCN, 2001) as guideline to reevaluation of the endangered status
3.4.1.4 Citing the data of REPC-CBC-DATA (database of rare and endangered plant conservation in Chinese botanical gardens)
3.4.1.5 Survey on decline of extent of occurrence and area of occupancy over the last decades
3.4.2 Results
3.4.2.1 Assessment of conservation status of Veitch spruce
3.4.2.2 Determination of favourable botanical gardens and arboreta for ex-situ conservation of the target species for different provenances
3.4.2.3 Reasons that Veitch spruce being threatened
3.4.2.4 Lack of motivation for ex-situ conservation
3.4.3 Conservation strategy
3.4.3.1 In-situ preservation
3.4.3.2 Capacity building for ex-situ conservation
3.4.3.3 Integration of in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies
3.5 Recommendation for the conservation of action plan (CAP)
3.5.1 Recommendation of the conservation action plan (GAIa)
3.5.1.1 Description
3.5.1.2 Biology
3.5.1.3 History and conservation status
3.5.1.4 Capacity building for propagation
3.5.1.5 Proposed action plan
3.5.2 Conclusion
Chapter 4 THE CONSERVATION OF PLANT RESOURCES
4.1 The meaning of the conservation on plant resources
4.2 The conservation of plant resources
4.2.1 The categories of the endangered species
4.2.2 Convention on international trade in endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora "CITES" Appendix Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ
4.2.3 Conservation categories of the endangered medicinal plants
4.3 Conservation of plant resources and laws and regulations
4.3.1 The relevant intemational convention on conversation of biological resources
4.3.2 The relevant laws and regulations of China on the conservation of biological diversity
4.3.2.1 The relevant laws and regulations of the conservation of the medicinal plant species are the following
4.3.2.2 The relevant laws and regulations of conserving medicinal plants
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Appendix Ⅰ.Endangered Picea spp.in east Asia
Appendix Ⅱ.Community survey form and primary data in surveyed sites
Appendix Ⅲ.Conservation status evaluation with RAMAS Red List Program for Picea neoveitchii